Which of the following is essential for the issuance of a warrant, according to the 4th Amendment?

The issuance of a warrant under the 4th Amendment requires both probable cause and a particular description of the place to be searched and the items to be seized. Probable cause is a standard that requires law enforcement to have a reasonable belief, based on facts, that a crime has been committed or that evidence of a crime can be found in a specific location. This protects individuals from unreasonable searches and seizures by ensuring that warrants are not issued lightly or without sufficient justification.

Additionally, the particular description aspect ensures that the warrant specifies exactly what is to be searched and seized, thus preventing general searches that could infringe upon an individual's rights. This particularity requirement is crucial as it limits the scope of the search to what is reasonably necessary for the investigation, thereby safeguarding personal privacy and property.

The other provided choices do not align with the constitutional requirements. A general description of the premises lacks the specificity needed, while permission from the President is not a prerequisite for obtaining a search warrant. The presence of a witness does not pertain to the standard for issuing a warrant under the 4th Amendment. Thus, the combination of probable cause and particular description is essential for ensuring legal and justifiable searches.