What is a protective sweep in the context of an arrest?

A protective sweep is a limited search conducted by law enforcement officers to ensure their safety and the safety of others during an arrest. It is based on a reasonable suspicion that the area may harbor individuals who pose a threat. This type of search is not intended to find evidence of a crime but rather to check for potential dangers, such as hidden accomplices who could harm the officers during the arrest process.

In the context of the other options, a general search of personal belongings would not fit the definition of a protective sweep, as it goes beyond the immediate safety concerns and may violate privacy rights. A thorough search for evidence of a crime is more comprehensive and typically requires a warrant, which is not aligned with the purpose of a protective sweep. Similarly, searching for evidence before obtaining a warrant is often restricted under the Fourth Amendment, emphasizing that a protective sweep is specifically about security rather than gathering evidence.