According to Ybarra v. Illinois, what limitation is placed on officers regarding individuals not named in the warrant?

In Ybarra v. Illinois, the Supreme Court established that law enforcement officers cannot conduct a patdown of individuals present in a location solely based on the presence of a warrant for someone else. The rationale behind this decision emphasizes the requirement of reasonable belief that an individual poses a threat or is involved in criminal activity before searching them.

Thus, when officers encounter individuals who are not named in the warrant, they must have a reasonable belief or suspicion that those individuals are armed and present a danger to proceed with any form of search, such as a patdown for weapons. This protects the rights of individuals who are merely present during the execution of a warrant and ensures that their Fourth Amendment protections against unreasonable searches and seizures are upheld.

This case underscores the principle that mere presence at a location associated with criminal activity does not in itself justify a search of every individual present. Therefore, having reasonable belief is an essential standard for officers in such circumstances.